Piston



Oct. 19, 1926.

1,604,053 J. G. KLAJNIK PIsToN Filed July 11` 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 19 1926.

J. G. KLAJNIKy PISTON Filed July l1, 1925 42 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ill.

Patented Oct. 19, 1926.

Nunirti) y STATES JULIUs GIXLAJNIL or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PISTON.

`Apl'Jlicatti.Kmfiled Julydl, 1925. Serial No. 43,005.

This invention relates to new i and zuseful improvements in pistons and more particularlyto what is known as an cxpansible piston. The main object ofmy invention is the provision of an expansible piston wherebyto compensate fortheiwear upon the piston and the cylindcrofan internal combustionengine so that the piston maylat lalltiinesybe retained in close ttinp' contact with `the walls of the cylinder and eliminatethe leakage of oil thru the loose fitting between the piston and cylinder.

Another objectof my invention is thelprovision of a piston of the above character wherein the exterior walls of the piston may be adjusted relative to the cylinder walls so as to take up the wear between the piston and cylinder and increase the life of the motor.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consist-s in the novel features of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described, pointed out in the Vclaims and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a piston constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. t is a vertical section taken on the line t--t of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a detailed end elevation of one of the expanding members, and

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the body cylinder of the piston.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a cylindrical body 1 which is preferably formed of aluminum of a size to correspond with the various sizes of pistons to be used. The body 1 has a plurality of longitudinal openings 2 and 3 arranged therein, said openings being arranged in series above and below the horizontal center of the body and arranged in spaced relation circumferentially of the body.

The series of openings 2 are arranged in the body at one side of the horizontal center thereof while the openings 3 are arranged in the body at the other side of the horizontal center, and between certain of these openings are large openings 4 for receiving the interior bosses 5 on the outer piston sections 6 and 7, said bosses being adapted to receive and support the wrist pin which connects the piston to the crank arm.

Ateachend ofthe openings 2 and` 3 I' provide tongues Swhich are .cut out of the material ofthe body 1 and adapted to be disposed at right angles to the" body as shown in Fig. 4, `said tongues `being provided with perforations as sho-wn at 9, whereby to receive thetrunnions of the eccentrically positioned expanding rolls 10.

`'Ihetongues 8 are bent inwardly into the interior of the body 1 so asto form spaced bearings for the rolls 10. The bearing trunnions 11 of the rolls `are mounted inthe openings Qand at one end of each roll is a rectangular portion `12 adapted to be engaged by a wrench or similar tool for imparting movement to the rolls 10.

The piston sections 6 and 7 are preferably of the split type having Z-shaped cuts 13 providing overlapping end portions lll and 15 and the sections 6 and 7 are iitted into position upon the cylindrical body 1, the ends of the body 1 are then bent at right angles to form a retaining flange 16 at each end of the body, the two sections of the piston being mounted upon the body and between said ange.

The piston section 7 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 18 for receiving therein the usual piston rings. After the sections 6 and 7 have been placed in position on the body 1 and the flanges 16 formed, theeccentrically positioned rolls l0 are then mounted within the openings 9 of the tongues 8, a portion of each roll extending thru the openings 2 and 3 for engagement with the inner walls of the piston sections 6 and 7. At this point, I wish to call attention to the fact that the rolls 10 are provided upon their exterior with a plurality of fiat surfaces 19, each flat surface having snug fit against the inner walls of the sections 6 and 7. The flat surfaces 19 will prevent rotative movement of the rolls 10 after being adjusted to their desired position. From this it will be apparent that by rotating the rolls 10 within their bearings, the piston sections 6 and 7 may be expanded toward the inner walls of the cylinder so as to compensate for the wear of the cylinder and at the same time retain the piston in close fitting contact with the wall of the cylinder to prevent leakage of oil and prolong the usefulness of the piston. The piston constructed in accordance with my invention which is preferably formed of aluminum or similar light weight material, will last a great length of time and eliminate the necessity of general regrinding of the piston and cylinder so that a greater mileage may be obtained from the motor vehicle engine than with those in use at the present time. Y

While I have shown and described the preferred form of my invention, it will beobvious that various changes in the details of construction or in the proportions may be resorted to for successfully carrying my invention into practice without sacricing any of the novel features of construction or departing from the scope kof the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. A. device of the character 'described including a cylindrical body having circumferentially spaced openings'therein arranged upon opposite sides of the horizontal center of the body, split piston sections mounted upon said body, means for retaining said sections against longitudinal movement relative to the body and Veccentrically mounted rolls carried by the body with portions thereof extending thru the openings and engaging the inner walls of the piston sections whereby rotation of the said rolls will eX- pand the piston sections circumferentially.

2. A device of the character described including a cylindrical body having openings, piston sections mounted upon the body, eccentrically mounted rolls carried by the body with portions thereof extending thru the openings and engaging the inner walls of the piston sections and said rolls having a plurality of flat surfaces extending longitudinally thereof and arranged circumferen tially whereby rotation of said rolls will eXl pand the Vpiston sections circumferentially andthe engagement of the flat surfaces with the inner walls of the piston sections retains Y the said rolls in their adjusted positions.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature.

JULIUS KLAJ N IK. 

